Here is some information on books published before the year 2004.
For more recent books, check the RECENT BOOKS
page.
Peter Eglin, Stephen Hester
(2003) The Montreal Massacre A Story of Membership Categorization
Analysis. Waterloo, ONT, Ca: Wilfrid Laurier University Press
ISBN: 0-88920-422-5; $29.95 Paper, 192 pp
The Montreal Massacre: A Story of Membership Categorization Analysis adopts an ethnomethodological viewpoint to analyze how the murder of women by a lone gunman at the Ecole Polytechnique in Montreal was presented to the public via media publication over a two-week period in 1989. All that the public came to know and understand of the murders, the murderer, and the victims was constituted in the description and commentaries produced by the media. What the murders became, therefore, was an expression of the methods used to describe and evaluate them, and central to these methods was membership category analysis--the human practice of perceiving people, places, and events as ``members'' of ``categories,'' and to use these to explain actions.
This is evident in the various versions comprising the overall story of the Massacre: it was a crime; it was a tragedy; it was a horror story. The killer's story is also based on his own categorial analysis (he said his victims were feminists'). The media commentators formulated the significance of the murders in categorial terms: it implicated a wider problem, that of violence against women, and thus the reasons for the murders were shown to be categorial matters.
As a contribution to sociology, and as a demonstration of the significance of ethnomethodology for understanding social life, the book reveals the methodical and particularly categorial character of how sense is made of events such as this and how such methodical and categorial resources are central to human interaction.
ISBN: 0521772060 c. $60.00
Bringing together twenty-five years of research on the sequential organization of laughter in everyday talk, Phillip Glenn analyzes recordings and transcripts to indicate the finely-detailed coordination of human laughter. He demonstrates that its occurrence, relative to talk and other activities, reveals much about its emergent meaning and effects. The book considers laughter's significant role in how people display, respond to, and revise identities and relationships.
Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction
1. Towards a social interactional approach to laughter
2. Conversation analysis and the study of laughter
3. Laughing together
4. Who laughs first
5. Laughing At and Laughing With: negotiating participant alignments
6. Laughing along, resisting: constituting relationship and identity
7. Closing remarks
References.
INfo & orders: http://us.cambridge.org/titles/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521772060
Bad news and good news represent a breach in our everyday lives, a time when some "old" social world ceases to be and a "new" world comes into view. Consequently, the interpersonal sharing of news provides access to how people structure and organize collective experience. By exploring the vocal and nonvocal means through bad and good news is transmitted in ordinary conversation, clinics, and other arenas, this book contributes to the sociology of everyday life. Topics include how participants come to realize the news, how they construct social relationships through the sharing of news, how they may be stoic or emotionally overwrought, how they handle bad and good news differently (by shrouding bad news and exposing good news), how they "blame" or "credit" messengers, and other matters. Each chapter initially explores conversational encounters, and ends with a Coda addressing ethical issues, problematic encounters, exceptional cases, and other practical matters related to the delivery of diagnostic news in clinics. Beyond conversational and clinical encounters, this study has implications for understanding public affairs--political and other disasters---in which conveyance of bad and good news between major political figures or between those figures and ordinary citizens may influence the course of the affair and its public perception. An Epilogue on "How to Tell the News" provides recommendations for professionals and others who, as part of their routine responsibilities, wish to be more effective at communicating bad and good tidings to patients, clients, family members, or others.
Contents
Chapter 1: Bad News, Good News, and Everyday Life
Chapter 2: On Realization in Everyday Life
Chapter 3: Conversation Analysis and Ethnography: What Is The Context
of an Utterance?
Chapter 4: The News Delivery Sequence
Chapter 5: Whose News is This? Social Relationships in Bad and Good
News
Chapter 6: Shrouding Bad News, Exposing Good News: The Benign Order
of Everyday Life
Chapter 7: Praising or Blaming The Messenger: Moral Issues in Deliveries
of Good and Bad News
Chapter 8: Sociopolitical Implications: Everyday Rationality in Public
Decision Making
Epilogue: How to Tell the News
Appendix 1: Transcribing Conventions
Appendix 2: Some Conversation Analytic Precepts
References.
In this "Introduction to Conversation Analysis", Mazeland has tried
to present a coherent overview of the core theory of CA, by discussing
in a step-by-step fashion the several levels of the organization of verbal
interaction. The general insights of CA are continuously substantiated
with Dutch examples of mundane, mostly informal interactions. The focus
of the book is on the conceptual achievements of CA, as especially evident
in the writings and teachings of Emanuel A. Schegloff. The book does not
deal with the many recent applications' of CA. The successive chapters
are entitled: conversation analysis, the interactional organization of
turn-taking, actions in conversations: sequence organization, sequence
expansion, repair organization, topic organization, the opening and closing
of conversations, and methodological remarks.
Description
How do people with brain damage communicate? How does the partial or
total loss of the ability to speak and use language fluently manifest itself
in actual conversation? How are people with brain damage able to
expand their cognitive ability through interaction with others - and how
do these discursive activities in turn influence cognition?
This groundbreaking collection of new articles by a wide range of international scholars examines how aphasia and other neurological deficits lead to language impairments that shape the production, reception and processing of language.
Readership: Scholars and students of linguistics, psychiatry, medicine, and sociology.
Contents/contributors
Part One: General Perspectives
1 Charles Goodwin: Introduction
2 Emanuel A. Schegloff: Conservation Analysis and Communication
Disorders
Part Two: Making Meaning Together
3 Ray Wilkinson, Suzanne Beeke, and Jane Maxim: Adapting to Conversation:
On the User of Pro-Forms by Aphaisa Speakers in the Construction of Turns
at Talk
4 Charles Goodwin: Conversational Frameworks for the Accomplishment
of Meaning in Aphasia
5 Anu Klippi: Collaborating in Aphasic Group Conversation: Striving
for Mutual Understanding
Part Three: Repair
6 Lisa Perkins: Negotiating Repair in Aphasic Conversation: Interactional
Issues
7 Minna Laakso: Collaborating Construction of Repair in Aphasic
Conversation: An Interactive View on the Extended Speaking Turns of Persons
with Wernicke's Aphasia
8 Jan Anward: Own Words: On Achieving Normality through Paraphasias
9 Mary L. Oelschlaeger: Word Searches in Aphasia: A Study of
the Collaborative Responses of Communicative Partners
Part Four: Interaction and Assessment
10 Claus Heeschen: Aphasic Agrammatism as Interactional Artifact
and Achievement
11 Gail Ramsberger and Lise Menn: Co-Constructing Lucy: Adding
a Social Perspective to the Assessment of Communicative Success in Aphasia
Andy Crabtree, Designing Collaborative Systems: A Practical Guide to Ethnography
Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag CSCW Series
ISBN 1-85233-718-4, EUR 54.95
Introduces a new 'ethnographic' approach that will enable designers to create collaborative and interactive systems, which are employed successfully in real-world settings. This new approach, adapted from the field of social research, considers both the social circumstances and the level and type of human interaction involved, thereby ensuring that future ethnographic systems are as user-friendly and as effective as possible.
This book provides the practitioner with an invaluable introduction to this approach, and presents a unique set of practical strategies for incorporating it into the design process. Divided into four distinct sections with practical examples throughout, the book covers:
"Of the various perspectives that jostle together under the rubric
of ethnography, ethnomethodology has often held the most appeal for designers.
Yet, surprisingly, there has not been a systematic explication of ethnography
and ethnomethodology for the purposes of system design. Andy Crabtree puts
this to rights in a comprehensive, informative, and accessible practical
guide which will be of great value to not only designers but also the ethnographers
who work with them." Graham Button, Lab. Director, Xerox Research Centre,
Europe
"Not only is the book a must for those interested in bringing a social dimension to the system design process, it also makes a significant contribution to ethnomethodology." John A. Hughes, Lancaster University, UK"Fieldwork methods and sociological analysis have become increasingly relevant for designing interactive systems, but how to bring fieldwork, analysis and design together is still mysterious. Crabtree provides a unique insider's perspective and demonstrates the applicability of ethnomethodological analysis throughout the process of design. As well as providing valuable lessons to practitioners, his book will also contribute significantly to ongoing debates about the role, contribution, and practicalities of these methods." Paul Dourish, University of California, Irvine, USA
1 58811 354 X / USD 60.00
90 272 2599 0 / EUR 60.00
Discussing Conversation Analysis: The work of Emanual A. Schegloff presents an in-depth view on Schegloff''s complex and stimulating work in Conversation Analysis (CA) and offers clear insights into how it has and may be developed further as a research tool in social psychology, social science, artificial intelligence, and linguistics.
Emanuel A. Schegloff is Professor of Sociology with a joint appointment in Applied Linguistics at the University of California, Los Angeles. Educated at Harvard and the University of California, Berkeley, he has taught at Columbia University as well as at UCLA. He received a Guggenheim Fellowship, and was a resident Fellow at the Netherlands Institute of Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences (1978-79) and the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford (1998-99).
David Wilkinson and Peter Birmingham (2003) Using Research Instruments: a Guide for Researchers. London: RoutledgeFalmer. 175 pages. £15.99.
This book offers a clear, accessible and practical introduction for the first-time, novice or less-confident researcher to various instruments of social research, from questionnaires through to naturalistic observation, assessing the merits of each and drawing on real examples to help readers decide which are particularly well-suited to their own research.
In Chapter 6, Researching the Things People Say and Do, Peter Birmingham (a former student of John Lee, Wes Sharrock and Rod Watson, and now at the University of Oxford Department of Educational Studies) provides a basic, user-friendly and non-threatening introduction to ethnomethodology and conversation analysis in the context of using video to capture the details of social interaction in everyday settings - in this case pupils' use of educational software in the classroom. The chapter introduces notions of data-driven as opposed to question-driven research, the relationship between verbal and gestural social actions, and sequential analysis. Also included are basic practical guidelines to help researchers to transcribe video data and suggestions for further reading.
Peter is keen to hear what readers think of the book and of this chapter in particular. Please contact him at peter.birmingham@edstud.ox.ac.uk
Publisher's URL's: http://www.benjamins.com/,
or: http://www.benjamins.nl
Book URL: http://www.benjamins.nl/cgi-bin/t_bookview.cgi?bookid=SiDaG_12
Hardback: ISBN: 158811337X, Pages: xii, 250 pp., Price: USD 85.00
Hardback: ISBN: 9027226229, Pages: xii, 250 pp., Price: EUR 85.00
The book is available from the Lawrence Erlbaum website at https://www.erlbaum.com/shop/tek9.asp?pg=products&specific=0-8058-3732-9
Prepaid by credit card the cost is $49.95. Textbook orders of more than 5 copies will also be sold for $49.95 per copy. See below for the Table of Contents.
The collection offers empirical studies and theoretical essays about human communication in everyday life. The writings come from many of the world's leading researchers and cut across academic boundaries, engaging scholars and teachers from such disciplines as communication, sociology, anthropology, linguistics, and education. Chapters emphasize empirical, qualitative studies of people's everyday uses of talk-in-interaction, and they feature work in such areas as sociolinguistics, conversation analysis, discourse analysis, and ethnography. The volume is dedicated to and highlights themes in the work of the late Robert Hopper, an outstanding scholar in communication who pioneered research in Language and Social Interaction (LSI). The contributors examine various features of human interaction (such as laughter, vocal repetition, and hand gestures) occurring naturally within a variety of settings (at a dinner table, a doctor's office, an automotive repair shop, and so forth), whereby interlocutors accomplish aspects of their interpersonal or institutional lives (resolve a disagreement, report bad medical news, negotiate a raise, and more), all of which may relate to larger social issues (including police brutality, human spirituality, death, and optimism). The chapters in this anthology show that social life is largely a communicative accomplishment and that people constitute the social realities experienced every day through small and subtle ways of communicating, carefully orchestrated but commonly taken for granted. In showcasing the diversity of contemporary LSI research, this volume is appropriate for scholars and graduate students in language and social interaction, communication, sociology, research methods, qualitative research methods, discourse analysis, conversation analysis, linguistics, and related areas.
Table of Contents:
Contents: C.D. LeBaron, J. Mandelbaum, P.J. Glenn, An Overview of Language and Social Interaction Research. Part I: Orienting to the Field of Language and Social Interaction. J.J. Bradac, Extending the Domain of Speech Evaluation: Message Judgments. J.C. Heritage, Designing Questions and Setting Agendas in the News Interview. K.L. Fitch, Taken-for-Granteds in (an) Intercultural Communication. R.T. Craig, A.L. Sanusi, "So What Do You Guys Think?": Think Talk and Process in Student-Led Classroom Discussions. C.D. LeBaron, T. Koschmann, Gesture and the Transparency of Understanding. Part II: Talk in Everyday Life. C.M. Jones, Utterance Restarts in Telephone Conversation: Marking Topic Initiation and Reluctance. C. Goodwin, Recognizing Assessable Names. S.D. Corbin, Interactional Problems With "Did You" Question and Responses. W.A. Beach, Managing Optimism. S.G. Lawrence, Rejecting Illegitimate Understandings. J. Mandelbaum,Interactive Methods for Constructing Relationships. G. Jefferson, A Note on Resolving Ambiguity. E.A. Schegloff, The Surfacing of the Suppressed. P.J. Glenn, Sex, Laughter, and Audiotape: On Invoking Features of Context to Explain Laughter in Interaction. H. Houtkoop-Steenstra, Gender Differences in Telephone Conversations. Part III: Talk in Institutional Settings. P. Drew, Comparative Analysis of Talk-in-Interaction in Different Institutional Settings: A Sketch. R.E. Sanders, Conversational Socializing on Marine VHF Radio: Adapting Laughter and Other Practices to the Technology in Use. J.L. Molloy, H. Giles, Law Enforcement and Community Policing: An Intergroup Communication Approach. G.H. Morris, Preventatives in Social Interaction. E.D. Wrobbel, The Interactional Construction of Self-Revelation: Creating an "Aha" Moment. K.A. Bruder, "A World in a Grain of Sand": Therapeutic Discourse as Making Much of Little Things. A. Pomerantz, Modeling as a Teaching Strategy in Clinical Training: When Does It Work? D.W. Maynard, R.M. Frankel, Indeterminancy and Uncertainty in the Delivery of Diagnostic News in Internal Medicine: A Single Case Analysis. D.P. Modaff, Body Movement in the Transition From Opening to Task in Doctor-Patient Interviews. Part IV: Emerging Trajectories: Body, Mind, and Spirit.J. Streeck, The Body Taken for Granted: Lingering Dualism in Research on Social Interaction. G.H. Lerner, D.H. Zimmerman, Action and the Appearance of Action in the Conduct of Very Young Children. J.V. Modaff, Speech Melody and Rhetorical Style: Paul Harvey as Exemplar. N.P. Stucky, S.M. Daughton, The Body Present: Reporting Everyday Life Performance. M.C. González, Ethnography as Spiritual Practice: A Change in the Taken-for-Granted (or an Epistemological Break With Science). M.H. Brown, The Tao and Narrative. K.G. Drummond, Conversational Enslavement in "The Truman Show.". E.A. Schegloff, On ESP Puns. Part V: Robert Hopper: Teacher and Scholar. J. Mandelbaum, Robert Hopper: An Intellectual History. S.L. Ragan, The Scientist as Humanist: Moral Values in the Opus of Robert Hopper. L.H. Jarmon, The Great Poem. W.A. Beach, Phone Openings, "Gendered" Talk, and Conversations About Illness. J.J. Bradac, Nothing Promised. R. Hopper, The Last Word. Appendix: Transcription Symbols.
295 pp. Hardbound: 1 58811 219 5 / USD 79.00 / 90 272 5341 2 / EUR 88.00
Telephone conversation is one of the most common forms of communication in contemporary society. For the first time in human history, some people are spending as much time, if not more, talking on the telephone as they are on face-to-face conversations. The aims of this book are: to bring together in one volume research on telephone conversations in different languages, to compare and contrast peoples methods of handling telephone conversational tasks in different communities, and to explore the relationship between telephone conversational practice and cultural settings. The papers are based on first-hand, naturally-occurring data obtained from a variety of languages, including Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Korean, and Persian. Theoretical and methodological issues pertaining to research on telephone conversations are discussed.
Table of Contents
Studying telephone calls: Beginnings, developments, and perspectives Kang Kwong Luke and Theodossia-Soula Pavlidou
Part I. Opening telephone calls
Recognition and identification in Japanese and Korean telephone conversation
openings Yong-Yae Park
On the telephone again! Telephone conversation openings in Greek
Maria Sifianou
Politeness in telephone conversation openings in Persian Carmen Taleghani-Nikazm
Language choice in international telephone conversations Gitte Rasmussen
and Johannes Wagner
Part II. Problem solving, topic management and closing
Reporting problems and offering assistance in Japanese business telephone
conversations Lindsay Amthor Yotsukura
The initiation and introduction offirst topics in Hong Kong telephone
calls Kang Kwong Luke
Moving towards closing: Greek telephone calls between familiars Theodossia-Soula
Pavlidou
Part III. Theoretical and methodological considerations
Comparing telephone call openings: Theoretical and methodological reflections
Paul ten Have
Reflections on research on telephone conversation: Issues of cross-cultural
scope and scholarly exchange, interactional import and consequences Emanuel
A. Schegloff
Contents:
Ethnomethodology and national identity: an introduction, Stephen Hester
and William Housley
Bringing it all back home: selecting topic, category and location in
TV news programmes, Stephen Hester
National identity, categorization and debate, William Housley and Richard
Fitzgerald
On dialogical networks: arguments about the migration law in Czech
mass media in 1993, Jirií Nekvapil and Ivan Leudar
Symbolic power and collective identifications, Jean Widmer
'Japanese American' identity and the problem of multiple description:
disjunctive versions of the Japanese Exclusion Order, Tim J. Berard
National identity in interaction: the Argentine case, Wolfgang
Kesselheim
'National identity' as a rhetorical resource, Mark Rapley and Martha
Augoustinos
The category 'Moroccan' in a multi-ethnic class, Tom Koole and Myléne
Hanson
Further Information: https://www.ashgate.com
The news interview has become a major vehicle for presenting broadcast
news and political commentary, and a primary interface between the institutions
of journalism and government. This much-needed work examines the
place of
the news interview in Anglo-American society and considers its historical
development in the United States and Britain. The main body of the
book discusses the fundamental norms and conventions that shape conduct
in the modern interview. It explores the particular recurrent practices
through which journalists balance competing professional norms that encourage
both
objective and adversarial treatment of public figures. Through
analyses of well-known interviews, the book explores the relationship between
journalists and public figures and also how, in the face of aggressive
questioning, politicians and other public figures struggle to stay 'on
message' and pursue their own agendas. This comprehensive and wide-ranging
book will be
essential reading for students and researchers in sociolinguistics,
media, and communication studies.
Contents:
1. Introduction
2. The news interview in context: Institutional background
and historical development
3. Openings and Closings
4. Basic ground rules: Taking turns and 'doing' news interview talk
5. Defensible questioning: Neutralism, credibility, legitimacy
6. Adversarial questioning: Setting agendas and exerting pressure
7. Answers and evasions
8. The panel interview: Discussion and debate among interviewees
9. Conclusion
Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 94
2002. Hb x, 316 pp. + index
90 272 5114 2 EUR 88.00
1 58811 173 3 USD 79.00
http://www.benjamins.nl/cgi-bin/t_bookview.cgi?bookid=P_bns_94
This edited volume brings together scholars from psychology, linguistics, sociology and communication science to investigate how performative notions of gender and sexuality can be fruitfully explored with the rich set of tools that have been developed by conversation analysis and discursive psychology for analyzing everyday practical language use, agency and identity in talk. Contributors re-examine the foundations of earlier research on gender in spoken interaction, critically appraise this research to see if and how it 'translates' successfully into the study of sexuality in talk, and promote innovative alternatives that integrate the insights of recent feminist and queer theory with qualitative studies of talk and conversation. Detailed empirical analyses of naturally occurring talk are used to uncover how gender and sexual identities, agencies and desires are contingently accomplished in conversational practices. Collectively, they pose the important question of what a critical theory of talk, gender and sexuality ought to look like if it is to be sensitive to a politics of conversation analysis.
Contributions by: Paul McIlvenny; Celia Kitzinger; Elizabeth Stokoe & Janet Smithson; Susan Speer & Jonathan Potter; Liisa Tainio; Sigurd D'hondt; Andrew Fish; Alexa Hepburn; Jenny Sundén.
CHAPTER TITLES
Introduction: Researching Talk, Gender & Sexuality - Paul McIlvenny
Doing Feminist Conversation Analysis - Celia Kitzinger
Gender and Sexuality in Talk-in-Interaction: Considering Conversation
Analytic Perspectives - Elizabeth Stokoe & Janet Smithson
Critical Reflections on Performativity and the 'Un/Doing' of Gender
and Sexuality in Talk - Paul McIlvenny
From Performatives to Practices: Judith Butler, Discursive Psychology
and the Management of Heterosexist Talk - Susan Speer & Jonathan Potter
Negotiating Gender Identities and Sexual Agency in Elderly Couples'
Talk - Liisa Tainio
Framing Gender: Incongruous Gendered Identities in Dar es Salaam Adolescents'
Talk - Sigurd D'hondt
The Repressed on Parole: Gender Categorisation, Performativity and
the Unsaid in Talkin' Dirty Jokes - Andrew Fish
Figuring Gender in Teachers' Talk about School Bullying - Alexa Hepburn
'I'm still not sure she's a she': Textual Talk and Typed Bodies in
Online Interaction - Jenny Sundén
Contents
Giolo FELE (2002) Etnometodologia: Introduzione allo studio delle attività ordinarie Roma: Carocci [ISBN 88-430-2085-7 - 244 Pagine Euro 18.50
Questo libro è un'introduzione a uno degli approcci più controversi delle scienze sociali, l'etnometodologia, cioè lo studio dei metodi che le persone usano per dimostrare la ragionevolezza del loro agire. Il volume cerca di chiarire i principi a cui si ispirano gli animatori di questo orientamento, a cominciare dal loro fondatore, il sociologo americano Harold Garfinkel.La tesi sostenuta in queste pagine è che lo studio dei metodi dei membri sociali non dia luogo a una sociologia interpretativa, cognitiva, che utilizza un approccio qualitativo, di tipo “micro”. L'etnometodologia costituisce piuttosto una delle forme più vivaci di rilettura e di riappropriazione della tradizione fenomenologica (non solo quella di Schutz, ma di Husserl, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty), dell'eredità della Gestalt Theory e delle teorie della percezione.Si intende qui non solo presentare la posizione teorica dell'etnometodologia, ma soprattutto passare in rassegna la grande mole di ricerche empiriche che sono state rivolte a indagare l'organizzazione dell'interazione, del linguaggio e delle pratiche sociali in ambienti naturali di lavoro e della vita quotidiana. In questo senso, alla fine, il volume vuole essere considerato un vero e proprio “invito a fare”, condividendo l'osservazione di Garfinkel per cui «l'etnometodologia è etnometodologia applicata».
Indice
Presentazione
1.Introduzione all'etnometodologia/Che cos'è l'etnometodologia/Il problema dell'ordine sociale/Il metodo documentario di interpretazione/Analitico e concreto/Alcune nozioni di base/La realtà come costruzione sociale?/Le interpretazioni dell' etnometodologia
2.Categorie/L'origine sociale delle categorie/L'etnometodologia e le categorie naturali/Gli studi etnometodologici della tipificazione in relazione alla devianza, alle agenzie di controllo e alle organizzazioni istituzionali/Come si categorizza/Cosa vuol dire categorizzare le persone/Alcuni esempi di analisi/Conclusioni
3.La conversazione/La conversazione come attività ordinaria/I metodi/Il passaggio del turno/Problemi di coordinamento/Coerenza e significato/Conclusioni
4.Il lavoro/Lo studio del lavoro e il missing what/Alcuni principi: l' "adeguatezza unica" e il "contesto perspicuo"/Il lavoro della scienza/Le ricerche etnometodologiche sul lavoro nella scienza/Altri studi etnometodologici sul lavoro/L'etnografia dei contesti di lavoro e l'uso della tecnologia
Bibliografia
Harold Garfinkel (2002) Ethnomethodology's Program: Working Out Durkheim's Aphorism. Edited and Introduced by Anne Rawls. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc
Since the 1967 publication of Studies in Ethnomethodology, Harold Garfinkel has indelibly influenced the social sciences and humanities worldwide. This new book, the long-awaited sequel to Studies, comprises Garfinkel's work over three decades to further elaborate the study of ethnomethodology. "Working out Durkheim's Aphorism," the title used for this new book, emphasizes Garfinkel's insistence that his position focuses on fundamental sociological issues--and that interpretations of his position as indifferent to sociology have been misunderstandings. Durkheim's aphorism states that the concreteness of social facts is sociology's most fundamental phenomenon. Garfinkel argues that sociologists have, for a century or more, ignored this aphorism and treated social facts as theoretical, or conceptual, constructions. Garfinkel in this new book shows how and why sociology must restore Durkheim's aphorism, through an insistence on the concreteness of social facts that are produced by complex social practices enacted by participants in the social order. Garfinkel's new book, like Studies, will likely stand as another landmark in sociological theory, yet it is clearer and more concrete in revealing human social practices.
Table of Contents
Series Editor Introduction, Charles Lemert
Editor's Introduction, Anne Rawls
Author's Introduction, Harold Garfinkel
Acknowledgements As An Autobiographical Account
I What is Ethnomethodology
1 Central Claims to Ethnomethodology
2 EM Studies and their FA Alternates
3 Rendering Theorems
4 Tutorial Problems
5 Ethnomethodological Policies and Methods
II Instructed Action
6 Instructions and Instructed Actions
7 A Study of the Work of Teaching Undergraduate
Chemistry in Lecture Format
8 Autochithonous Order Properties of Formatted Queues
9 An Ethnomethodological Study of the Work of Galileo's
Inclined Plane Demonstration of the Real Motion of Free Falling Bodies
$75.00 Cloth 0-7425-1641-5 $27.95 Paper 0-7425-1642-3
Publishers Webpage: http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com/Catalog/SingleBook.shtml?command=Search&db=^DB/CATALOG.db&eqSKUdata=0742516415
Preface: with a little help from our friends, Alec McHoul and Mark Rapley: xi-xiv
I. Approaches
1. Applied conversation analysis, Paul ten Have: 3-11
2. Discursive psychology, Derek Edwards and Jonathan Potter: 12-24
3. Critical discourse analysis, Norman Fairclough: 25-38
II. Applications
4. Discovering order in opening sequences:calls to a software helpline,
Carolyn Baker, Mike Emmison and Alan Firth: 41-56
5. Understanding who's who in the airline cockpit: pilots' pronominal
choices and cockpit roles, Maurice Nevile: 57-71
6. Reporting a service request, Ann Kelly: 72-85
7. Applying membership categorization analysis to chat-room talk, Rhyll
Vallis: 86-99
8. Investigating the 'cast of characters' in a cultural world, Kathy
Roulston: 100-112
9. Whose personality is it anyway? The production of 'personality'
in a diagnostic interview, John Lobley: 113-123
10. Howard's way: naturalizing the new reciprocity between the citizen
and the state, Karen Herschell: 124-134
11. History as a rhetorical resource: using historical narratives to
argue and explain, Martha Augoustinos: 135-145
12. On saying 'sorry': repertoires of apology to Australia's Stolen
Generations, Amanda LeCouteur: 146-158
13. Far from the madding crowd: psychiatric diagnosis as the management
of moral accountability, David McCarthy and Mark Rapley: 159-167
III. Theory and Method
14. Two lines of approach to the question 'What does the interviewer
have in mind?', Angela O'Brien-Malone and Charles Antaki: 171-182
15. Methodological issues in analysing talk and text: the case of childhood
in and for school, Helena Austin, Peter Freebody and Bronwyn Dwyer:
183-195
16. Demystifying discourse analysis: theory, method and practice, Keith
Tuffin and Christina Howard: 196-205
17. Is institutional talk a phenomenon? Reflections on ethnomethodology
and applied conversation analysis, Stephen Hester and David Francis: 206-217
References: 219-234
Index: 235-239
This collection of previously unpublished, cutting-edge research exemplifies and elaborates the conversational analytic (CA) approach to understanding language use. The book places a special emphasis on what the methods and findings of CA can offer to discourse-functional linguistics, with authors representing the intersections of these fields.
A central feature of the CA enterprise is the close analysis of the
interactional constructions of turns and attention to sequential
action in the production and interpretation of interactional meanings
and local social structures. This fine-grained approach
to conversational language use has resulted in a rich accumulation
of findings based on common methods and concepts.
The unifying theme for the chapters in this volume is the intersection
of interactional practice and linguistic form in the
contexts of and through the co-construction of turns and sequences,
as these are defined in the groundbreaking works in
CA. In this spirit, this collection of studies focuses on moment-by-moment
interactions as the sites for the recurrent
emergence and deployment of particular structures and forms in talk.
The studies work with talk in naturally occurring activities in English,
Japanese, and Finnish.
This volume reveals the latest thinking on how interactants manage complex
relationships between turn construction and
sequential placement in order to give meaning to even the smallest
of gestures and tokens of talk. It will be of interest to
linguists as well as those in fields which touch upon language and
the structure of social interaction: anthropology, sociology,
communications, and applied linguistics.
Contents
1. Introduction
Cecilia E. Ford, Barbara A. Fox, and Sandra A. Thompson
2. Constituency and the Grammar of Turn Increments,
Cecilia E. Ford, Barbara A. Fox, and Sandra A. Thompson
3. Cultivating Prayer
Lisa Capps and Elinor Ochs
4. Producing Sense with Nonsense Syllables: Turn and Sequence in Conversations
with a Man with Severe Aphasia
Charles Goodwin, Marjorie H. Goodwin, and David Olsher
5. Contingent Achievement of Co-Tellership in a Japanese Conversation:
An Analysis of Talk, Gaze and Gesture
Makoto Hayashi, Junko Mori, and Tomoyo Tagaki
6. Saying What Wasn't Said: Negative Observation as a Linguistic Resource
for the Interactional Achievement of
Performance Feedback
Sally Jacoby and Patrick Gonzales
7. Recipient Activities: The Particle No as a Go-Ahead Response in Finnish
Conversations
Marja-Leena Sorjonen
8. Oh-Prefaced Responses to Assessments: A Method of Modifying Agreement/Disagreement
John Heritage
9. Turn-Sharing: The Choral Co-Production of Talk-in-Interaction
Gene H. Lerner
10. Some Linguistic Aspects of Closure Cut-Off
Robert Jasperson
Index
Contents
1. Douglas W. Maynard & Nora Cate Schaeffer.
Standardization and its discontents. 3-47
2. Johannes van der Zouwen.
Why study interaction in the survey interview? Response from a survey
researcher. 47-67
3. Michael F. Schober & Frederick G. Conrad.
A collaborative view of standardized survey interviews. 67-95
4. Nora Cate Schaeffer.
Conversation with a purpose - or conversation? Interaction in the standardized
interview. 95-125
5. Michael Lynch.
The living text: Written instructions and situated actions in telephone
surveys. 125-151
6. Emanuel A. Schegloff.
Survey interviews as talk-in-interaction. 151-161
7. Mick P. Couper & Robert M. Groves.
Introductory interactions in telephone surveys and nonresponse 161-179
8. Douglas W. Maynard & Nora Cate Schaeffer.
Opening and closing the gate: The work of optimism in recruiting survey
respondents. 179-205
9. Hanneke Houtkoop-Steenstra & Huub van den Bergh.
Effects of introductions in large-scale telephone survey interviews.
205-219
10. Douglas W. Maynard & Nora Cate Schaeffer.
Refusal conversion and tailoring. 219-243
11. Hanneke Houtkoop-Steenstra.
Questioning turn format and turn-taking problems in standardized interviews.
243-261
12. Nora Cate Schaeffer & Douglas W. Maynard.
Occasions for intervention: Interactional resources for comprehension
in standardized survey interviews 261-281
13. Robert J. Moore & Douglas W. Maynard.
Achieving understanding in the standardized survey interview: repair
sequences. 281-313
14. John Heritage.
Ad hoc inquiries: two preferences in the design of routine questions
in an open context. 313-335
15.Danielle Lavin & Douglas W. Maynard.
Standardization vs. rapport: How interviewers handle the laughter of
respondents during telephone surveys. 335-365
16. Jocelyn S. Viterna & Douglas W. Maynard.
How uniform is standardization? Variation within and across survey
research centers regarding protocols for interviewing
Ways of the Hand tells the story of how David Sudnow learned to
improvise jazz on the piano. Because he had been trained as an ethnographer
and social psychologist, Sudnow was attentive to what he experienced in
ways that other novice pianists are not. The result, first published in
1978 and now considered by many to be a classic, was arguably the finest
and most detailed account of skill development ever published.
Looking back after more than twenty years, Sudnow was struck by the
extent to which he had allowed his academic background to shape the book's
language. He realized that he could now do a much better job of describing
his experiences in a way that would not require facility with
formal social science and philosophical discourse. The result
is a revised version of the book that carries the same intellectual energy
as the original but is accessible to a much wider audience.
[Source: http://mitpress.mit.edu/0262194678]
1 58811 093 1 / USD 89.00 90 272 5111 8 / NLG 195.00 / EUR 88.49 (Hardcover)
Listeners are usually considered recipients in conversational interaction, whose main activity is to take in messages from other speakers. In this view, the listening activity is separate from speaking. Another view is that listeners and speakers are equal co-participants in conversations who construct the talk together. In support of this latter view, one finds a group of vocalisations which are quintessentially listener talk - little conversational objects such as uh-huh, oh, mm, yeah, right and mm-hm. These utterances do not have meanings in a conventional dictionary sense, but are nevertheless loaded with complex and subtle information about the stance listeners take to what they are hearing, information that is gleaned not only from their phonetic form, but also from their complex prosodic shape and their placement and timing within the flow of talk.
This book summarises eight of these objects, and explores one, mm, in
depth.
1 55619 948 1 / USD 82.00 / 90 272 5085 5 / NLG 180.00 / EUR 81.68 (Hardcover)
This book concerns particles that are used as responses in conversations.
It provides much needed methodological tools for analyzing the use of response
particles in languages, while
its particular focus is Finnish. The book focuses on two Finnish particles,
nii(n) and joo, which in some of their central usages have 'yeah' and 'yes'
as their closest English counterparts. The two particles are discussed
in a number of sequential and activity contexts, including their
use as answers to yes-no questions and directives, as responses to
a stance-taking by the prior speaker, and in the midst of an extended telling
by the co-participant. It will be shown how there is a fine-grained division
of labor between the particles, having to do with the epistemic and affective
character of the talk and the continuation vs. closure-relevance of the
activity. The book connects the interactional usages of the particles with
what is known about their historical origins, and in this fashion it is
also of interest to linguists doing research on processes of grammaticalization
and lexicalization.
1 58811 097 4 / USD 109.00 / 90 272 2620 2 / NLG 240.00 / EUR 108.91 (Hardcover)
Current interactional linguistic research appears to be crystallizing around systematic themes, which are all represented in this collection of papers. In the first section, where the relation between language and interaction is viewed from the perspective of language structure, several articles deal with the potential of a single structure for both turn and sequence construction, revealing a play-off between planned and occasioned syntax with potentially far-reaching consequences for language development. Other articles deal with lexical expressions as resources for the conduct of interaction, showing how they are heavily dependent on turn position and sequential context for their meaning potential. In the second section, with a view from the perspective of the interactional order, a systematic focus of interest lies on three different conversational tasks: projecting turn and turn-unit completion, starting up turns with 'non-beginnings' and self-repairing. The cross-linguistic studies here all agree that common interactional tasks may well be carried out by quite different linguistic practices and that these practices are dependent to a certain extent on language features which are typologically distinct.
Contributions by: Sandra A. Thompson; Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen & Margret Selting; Marja-Liisa Helasvuo; Cecilia E. Ford; Hiroko Tanaka; Hannes Scheutz; Harrie Mazeland & Mike Huiskes; Auli Hakulinen; Juliette Corrin, Clare Tarplee & Bill Wells; Margret Selting; Jakob Steensig; Barbara A. Fox; Makoto Hayashi; Kyu-hyun Kim; Susanne Uhmann; Marja-Leena Sorjonen.
"'Postmodern babble has done little to help us understand how contemporary communication technologies have changed our world. This book fills a crucial gap in our knowledge by sticking to a focus on how ordinary people actually interact with these technologies. Using the insights of conversation analysis in an easy to understand way, this impressive volume will be required reading for students of work, technology, organizations and cultural studies."
Conversation and Technology draws on recent theory and empirical
research in conversation analysis, ethnomethodology and the social construction
of technology. In novel contributions to each of these areas, Hutchby argues
that the ways in which we interact can be profoundly shaped by technological
media, while at the same time we ourselves are shapers of both the cultural
and interactional properties of these technologies.
The book begins by examining a variety of theoretical perspectives on this issue. Hutchby offers a critical appraisal of recent sociological thinking, which has tended to over-estimate society's influence on technological development. Instead he calls for a new appreciation of the relationship between human communication and technology. Using a range of case studies to illustrate his argument, Hutchby explores the multiplicity of ways in which technology affects our ordinary conversational practices.
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction: Technologies for Communication
Chapter 2: The Communicative Affordances of Technological Artifacts
Chapter 3: Communication as Computation?
Chapter 4: Talk in Interaction
Chapter 5: The Telephone: Technology of Sociability
Chapter 6: Telephone Interaction and Social Identity
Chapter 7: Technological Mediation and Asymmetrical Interaction
Chapter 8: Computers, Humans, Conversation
Chapter 9: Virtual Conversation
Chapter 10: Conclusion: A Reversion to the Real?
Appendix: Transcription Conventions
paper 1-56639-788-X $22.95
See: http://www.temple.edu/tempress/titles/1257_reg.html
"A tension is built into the foundations of the pursuit of knowledge about animal life, for it is heir to both the cartesian verdict of an unbridgeable hiatus between humans and animals and the Darwinian affirmation of evolutionary continuity. The consequence of an intelletual and cultural heritage of opposed visions of the relationship between animals and humans is that the problematic of animal mindwhether affirmed or refuted, celebrated or doubted, qualified or sidesteppedis ever present, perhaps even the heart of the matter, in behavioral writings. Representations of animal life, whether intentionally or not, are always addressing what is for Western thought a most engrossing mysterythe contentious topic of animal mind or animal consciousness."
Seeing a cat rubbing against a person, Charles Darwin described her as "in an affectionate frame of mind"; for Samuel Barnett, a behavioralist, the mental realm is beyond the grasp of scientists and behavior must be described technically, as a physical action only. What difference does this difference make? In Eileen Crist's analysis of the language used to portray animal behavior, the difference "is that in the reader's mind the very image of the cat's 'body' is transfiguredfrom an experiencing subjectinto a vacant object."
Images of Animals examines the literature of behavioral science, revealing how works with the common aim of documenting animal lives, habits, and instincts describe "realities that are world's apart." Whether the writer affirms the Cartesian verdict of an unbridgeable chasm between animals and humans or the Darwinian panorama of evolutionary continuity, the question of animal mind is ever present and problematic in behavioral thought. Comparing the naturalist writings of Charles Darwin, Jean Henri Fabre, and George and Elizabeth Peckham to works of classical ethology by Konrad Lorenz and Nikolaas Tinbergen and of contemporary sociobiology, Crist demonstrates how words matter. She does not attempt to defend any of these constructions as a faithful representation of animal existence, but to show how each internally coherent view molds the reader's understanding of animals. Rejecting the notion that "a neutral instrument in the depiction of animals and, in particular, it is never impartial with respect to the question of animal mind."
Contents
List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Introduction: The Significance of Language in Portraying Animals
1. Darwin's Anthropomorphism
2. Lifeworld and Subjectivity: Naturalists' Portraits of Animals
3. The Ethological Constitution of Animals as Natural Objects
4. Genes and Their Animals: The Language of Sociobiology
5. Words as Icons: Comparative Images of Courtship
6. Unraveling the Distinction Between Action and Behavior
Notes
Bibliography
Index
Paper: ISBN: 0-19-512330-1 Price 32.95 Hardcopy: ISBN 0-19-512329-8. Price 65.00
Matoesian uses the 1991 rape trial of William Kennedy Smith to provide an in-depth analysis of language use and its role in that trial as well as in the law in general. He draws on the fields of pragmatics, conversation analysis, ethnomethodology, linguistic anthropology and social theory to show how language practices shape and are shaped by culture and law, particularly in the social construction of rape as a legal fact.
Table of contents.
1 Overview of the trial
2 Rhythms of Domination
3 Poetics of Space, Direction and Movement
4 Intertextuality, Reported Speech, and Affect
5 Production Media and Intertextual Authority in Reported Speech
6 Grammaticalization of Participant Roles in the Constitution of Expert
Identity
7 Constructiing age identity in Expert Testimony
8 Microdynamics of legal change
Louis Quéré et Zbigniew Smoreda (sous la direction de),
"Le sexe du téléphone", 2000, Editions Hermes Science, Paris,
isbn 2 7462 0187 9, 286 pp., bibliographies par chapiters, 158 ff, est
le numéro 103 de la revue "Réseaux" et comprend les huit
chapitres suivants:
C.-A. Rivière, Hommes et femmes au téléphone -
une chassé-croisé entre les sexes;
G. Claisse, Identités masculines et féminines au téléphone
- des rôles, des pratiques, des perceptions contrastés;
O. Martin & F. de Singly, L'évasion amicale - l'usage du
téléphone familial par les adolescents;
Z. Smoreda & C. Licoppe, Identités sexuées et status
interactionnels - de la gestion de la durée des conversations téléphoniques;
R. Akers-Porrini, Efficacité féminine, courtoisie masculine
- la durée inégale des appels téléphoniques
mixtes;
C. West & D. H. Zimmerman, Genre, language et conversation;
D. Francis & S. Hester, Le genre selon l'ethnométhodologie
et l'analyse de conversation;
et C. Licopper & Z. Smoreda, Liens sociaux et régulations
domestiques dans l'usage du téléphone - de l'analyse quantitative
de la durée des conversations à l'examen des
interactions.
Résumés en français et anglais.[Summaries in Franch
and English]
Cloth 0 7619 5666 2 £ 39.50
[The text below has been copied - with minor corrections - from the
Sage website: http://www.sagepub.co.uk]
`This is a very fine introduction to the tradition and practice of categorisation analysis, a method for analysing language derived from the work of Harvey Sacks. Georgia Lepper conveys with great effectiveness and simplicity the basic principles of this method, and enables the reader to apply it in practice. Through a series of practical exercises and worked examples, the reader is taken through the necessary steps to achieve full independence in practice of this important analytic method. A great deal of practical wisdom and experience has gone into this book, and it will undoubtedly be of great assistance to students and researchers seeking to apply this still innovative approach to qualitative data analysis'
A stunning introduction to categorization analysis! Georgia Lepper is a master
teacher and her book a major achievement. Sensibly organized, amply illustrated, and
deftly instructive, this remarkably clear text is a pedagogical milestone in the area.
The author provides an understanding of the concepts through an analysis of data samples and a series of exercises. Later chapters discuss the application to a variety of disciplines. Examples used to illustrate the approach include, talk, text and images, narratives, stories and organizational settings.
The practice of research is further elucidated in the use of an extended case study and the topics of reliability, validity and ethics are also covered.
Additional features include suggested further readings at the end of each chapter and a glossary of terms.
The book will be invaluable to students and beginning researchers in the disciplines of linguistics, sociology and anthropology, and other main users of conversational and narrative analysis methods, in cultural studies, ethnography, organization studies, discursive psychology and psychotherapy, who are seeking empirical methods for the study of the phenomena of everyday interaction.
This book can be used as a companion volume to Doing Conversation Analysis: A Practical Guide also published in the Introducing Qualitative Methods series.
Contents
1 Introducing Categorization Analysis
PART I: PRACTISING THE ART OF CATEGORIZAT ION ANALYSIS
2 First Principles
3 Practising the Art of Categorization Analysis:
Further Developments
PART II: ANALYZING CULTURE USING TALK, TEXT AND IMAGE
4 Analyzing Content
5 Analyzing Talk
6 Analyzing Text
7 Analyzing Images
PART IV: ANALYZING NARRATIVE
8 What Is Narrative?
9 Applying Categorization Analysis to the Study of
Naturally Occuring Stories
10 Contemporary Application of Sacks's Work on Narrative
PART IV: ANALYZING ORGANIZATIONS
11 Background to the Study of Organizations
12 The Contribution of CA
13 A Case Study
PART V: THE PRACTICE OF RESEARCH\
14 Reliability and Validity
15 Working with an Extended Textual or Conversational
Data: The Uses and Abuses of
Computer-Aided Analysis
16 Ethics in Research
Glossary, Appendices, Refrences, Indexes
Contributors
Paul Luff, Jon Hindmarsh, Christian
Heath, Lucy Suchman, Graham Button,
Wes Sharrock, Jacques Theureau, Genevieve Fillippi, Jack Whalen, Eric Vinkhuyzen,
Kjeld Schmidt, Yrjo Engestrom, Richard H. R. Harper, John Hughes, Jon OBrien,
Tom Rodden, Mark Rouncefield, Bob Anderson, Liam J. Bannon, Marina Jirotka,
Lincoln Wallen, Thomas Erikson
Workplace studies are of growing significance to people in a broad range of academic disciplines and professions, in particular those involved in the development of new technologies. This ground breaking new book brings together key researchers in Europe and the US to discuss critical issues in the study of the workplace and to outline recent developments in the field. The collection is divided into two parts. Part I contains a number of detailed case studies that not only provide an insight into the issues central to workplace studies but also some of the problems involved in carrying out such research. Part II focuses on the interrelationship between workplace studies and the design of new technologies. This book provides a valuable, multidisciplinary synthesis of the key issues and theoretical developments in workplace studies and a guide to the implications of such research for new technology design and the workplace.
Chapters:
Introduction Paul Luff, Jon Hindmarsh,
Christian Heath; Part I. Exploring
the Workplace: 2. Making a case Lucy Suchman; 3. Design by problem solving
Graham Button and Wes Sharrock; 4. Analysing cooperative work in an urban
traffic control room for the design of a coordination support system Jacques
Theureau and Genevieve Fillippi; 5. Expert systems in (inter)action: diagnosing
document machine problems over the telephone Jack Whalen and Eric Vinkhuyzen;
6. The critical role of workplace studies in CSCW Kjeld Schmidt; 7. From
individual action to collective activity and back Yrjo Engestrom; Part
II. The interface between research and design. 8. Analysing work practice
and the potential role of new technology at the International Monetary
Fund Richard H. R. Harper; 9. Ethnography, communication and support for
design John Hughes, Jon OBrien, Tom Rodden and Mark Rouncefield; 10. Where
the rubber hits the road Bob Anderson; 11. Situating workplace studies
within the human- computer interaction field Liam J. Bannon; 12. Analysing
the workplace and user requirements Marina Jirotka and Lincoln Wallen;
13. Supporting interdisciplinary design Thomas Erikson.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2000
ISBN: 0521598214 (Pbk) GBP 15.95
Despite the extraordinary advances in digital and communication technology over recent years, we know very little about the way these complex systems affect everyday work and interaction. This book seeks to explore these issues through a series of video-based field studies. It begins by discussing the introduction of basic information systems in general medical practice and ends with an exploration of interpersonal communication in advanced media spaces; in the process also looking at news production, the control room of London Underground and computer aided design in architectural practice. Social interaction forms a particular focus of these studies as they explore the way individuals use various tools and technologies and coordinate their actions and activities with each other. The authors also show how video-based field studies of work and interaction can inform the design, development and deployment of new technology, in this valuable new resource for academics, researchers and practitioners.
Chapter Contents
1. Technology and social action: computers and situated conduct;
2. Documents and professional practice: 'bad' organisational reasons
for 'good' clinical records;
3. Animating texts: the collaborative production of news stories;
4. Team work: collaboration and control in London Underground line
control rooms;
5. The collaborative production of computer commands;
6. 'Interaction' with computers in architecture.
Both Hardback (ISBN: 0521560330) & Paperback (ISBN: 0521568692),
280pp Published 22 June 2000 UK Published Price GBP 42.50 (Hbk) or GBP
15.95 (Pbk)
© Cambridge University Press 2000
What has been said about Technology in Action
This excellent
book does much to address the relationship between humans and technology
in a truly encompassing way, by situating technology and its use in the
broader human cognitive and social context, not just the context of the
more typical computer-user dyad. In the absence of an understanding of
what Lucy Suchman calls Situated Action, we shall remain doomed to violate
human productivity and dignity with technologies which impose rather than
invite; dominate rather than serve. Christian Heath and
Paul Luff have given us a series of well-argued case studies which
compellingly illustrate how a failure to take a broader view produces inferior
technologies and also how the broader view can lead to truly productive
technologies which empower rather than impoverish the human work experience.
Professor
John Mittlerer, Brock University
The studies in this book take an ethnomethodological approach to educational phenomena. Ethnomethodology's concern is with the locally accomplished and situated character of social order. With reference to educational phenomena, this means that ethnomethodology investigates how the 'natural facts' of educational life, such as daily activities in school classrooms, are produced as such in the first place, rather than taking for granted the recognisability of these facts and then theorising their explanation. In this sense, ethnomethodological studies contrast markedly with other approaches to the study of education. Each of the chapters in the book consists of a new and original study. Collectively, they exhibit the continuing vitality of this tradition and demonstrate ethnomethodology's special commitment to the analysis of educational phenomena as locally ordered and accomplished.
Contributions by: Lou Armour; Carolyn D. Baker; Susan Danby; Dave Francis; Peter Freebody; Jill Freiberg; James Heap; Terry Hemmings; Stephen Hester; Nozomi Ikeya; Eric Livingston; Douglas Macbeth; Liz Marr; Dave Randall; Wes Sharrock.
This is the first study of its kind to investigate in detail the interaction between interviewers and respondents in standardized social survey interviews. Applying the techniques of conversation analysis, Houtkoop-Steenstra reveals how certain rules of ordinary conversation fail to apply in interviews based on standardized questionnaires, and offers original empirical evidence to show what really happens. Her book demonstrates that interview results can only be understood as products of the contigencies of the interview situation, and not, as is usually assumed, the unmediated expressions of respondents' real opinions. Her conclusions have important implications for anyone interested in effective survey compilation and interpretation.
Chapters
1. The standardized survey interview
2. Interviewer-Respondent Interaction
3. Participant Roles
4. Recipient design
5. Questioning turn structure and turn taking
6. Generating recordable answers to field-coded questions
7. Establishing rapport
8. Quality of Life Assessment Interviews (with Charles Antaki &
Mark Rapley)
9. Implications for survey methodology
Ce livre présente une réflexion théorique originale
sur l'articulation entre processus d'acquisition et organisation de l'interaction
sociale. Il met en évidence l'importance des échanges
conversationnels dans les pratiques des apprenants, ainsi que la nécessité
de prendre en considération les contextes sociaux, scolaires et
extrascolaires, dans lesquels elles
se déploient - en posant la question des contingences plus ou
moins favorables à l'appropriation
de nouvelles compétences discursives. Ces compétences
touchent en l'occurrence au moins
trois langues et donnent lieu à un examen de la construction,
du fonctionnement et du traitement du bilinguisme. L'approche est fondée
sur un vaste corpus d'interactions, recueillies dans des
classes d'accueil pour élèves migrants récemment
arrivés en Suisse Romande et dans d'autres
contextes de leur vie quotidienne, en famille ou entre amis. Leurs
transcriptions rendent observables des procédés situés
d'acquisition, en mesure de nourrir à la fois un modèle théorique
de l'acquisition dans l'interaction et une description détaillée
des processus acquisitionnels observables dans les contextes sociaux de
leur émergence. De ce deuxième point de vue, le livre fournit
ainsi de précieux outils d'analyse, dont l'efficacité est
mise
à l'épreuve d'un vrai terrain d'enquête.
Full datails and order form at: http://www.st-paul.ch/uni-press-FR/catalogue/interactions_acquisitons.htm
Programme National de Recherche ·33· Efficacité
de nos systèmes de formation
VIII-262 pages, broché, Fr. 39.- /FF 156.-
ISBN 2-8271-0860-7
What makes a 'getting acquainted' a recognizable conversational activity,
and how are interpersonal relationships established in a first conversation?
This book presents a theoretical framework for the study of relationship
management in conversation and an empirical study of a corpus of initial
interactions. It provides detailed descriptions of the sequential resources
unacquainted interlocutors use in order to:
- generate self-presentation
- introduce topics
- establish common contextual resources
It is argued that these sequential patterns embody conventionalized
procedures for establishing an interpersonal relationship involving some
degree of:
- solidarity (mutual rights and obligations)
- familiarity (mutual knowledge of personal background)
- mutual affect (emotional commitment)
The sequential analysis is based on a conversation analytic approach,
while the interpretive framework consists of pragmatic theories of politeness,
conversational style and common ground.
The book is available at this URL;
http://www.benjamins.nl/cgi-bin/toonboek.cgi?1250
Records of people experiencing verbal hallucinations or hearing voices can be found throughout history. Voices of Reason, Voices of Insanity traces such reports through almost 2,800 years in order to understand the experience and look at ways in which its meaning has changed or remained the same. Through six cases of historical and contemporary voice hearers, Leudar and Thomas demonstrate how the experience has metamorphosed from being a sign of virtue to a sign of insanity, signalling such illnesses as schizophrenia or dissociation. They argue that the experience is interpreted by the voice hearer according to cultural expectations conveyed through language, and is therefore best studied as a matter of language use. Controversially, they conclude that hearing voices is an ordinary human experience which is unfortunately either mystified or pathologised. Voices of Reason, Voices of Insanity offers a fresh perspective on this enigmatic experience and will be of interest to students, researchers and professionals.
Contents
The Daemon of Socrates. The Gods of Achilles. The Souls of Daniel Paul Schreber. Pierre Janet on Verbal Hallucinations: The Case of Marcelle. Pragmatists on Self. Verbal Hallucinations in Contemporary Psychiatry. Working with Voices. The Frenzy of Anthony Smith: Hearing Voices in English National Newspapers. Voice-talk. Conclusion.
ISBN 0-415-14786-7 April 2000 240pp. £45.00 hbk
ISBN 0-415-14787-5 April 2000 240pp. £15.99 pbk
Published by Routledge
Financial organizations, like many others, are undergoing radical change.
This is affecting both their organizational processes and the technology
that supports those processes. This book reports on the use of sociological
ethnography in helping guide these changes, both in terms of helping better
understanding and redraw work processes and through providing more accurate
and flexible understanding of the role technology plays. It places the
reported research in context by contrasting it with those approaches more
commonly associated with change, including business process engineering,
participative design and soft systems methodologies. The book explains
what are the benefits of ethnography, as well as the potential it has in
helping achieve more desirable change in any and all organizations, financial
services included. The book will be of interest to all international researchers
concerned with organizational and technological change, as well as managers
of organisational development. It will also interest advanced students
in sociology, anthropology, management science and organizational studies
The authors have published widely in the various disciplines associated
with organizational life and technology design, and have built a considerable
reputation for bringing new sociological insights into the organizational
change literature
Contents:
1. Introduction
Part One
2. Organisational Studies and Empirical Description
Organisational Studies Revisiting
Auspices of Organisational Studies
Conclusion
3. Approaches to the Management of Change
Approaches to Change
Conclusion: The productivity paradox
4. Ethnography and Change
What is ethnography?
Conclusion
5. Taking customers seriously
'Telling' and 'Selling' - Customer confidence and demeanour work
Making sense of the customer: Interviews and local knowledge
6. The Virtual Customer
Cooperating with the Customer
More than a number: Relationship management and the customer in the
machine
Conclusion
8. Conclusion
Series Information: Routledge International Studies in Money and Banking 8
Band 1: Struktur und Dynamik der Formen moralischer Kommunikation [Structure and dynamics of moral communication forms] (see cover; see contents - in German)
Band 2: Von der Moral zu den Moralen [From morality to moralities.]. (see cover; see contents - in German)
Ce livre présente une réflexion théorique originale
sur l'articulation entre processus d'acquisition et organisation de l'interaction
sociale. Il met en évidence l'importance des échanges
conversationnels dans les pratiques des apprenants, ainsi que la nécessité
de prendre en considération les contextes sociaux, scolaires et
extrascolaires, dans lesquels elles
se déploient - en posant la question des contingences plus ou
moins favorables à l'appropriation
de nouvelles compétences discursives. Ces compétences
touchent en l'occurrence au moins
trois langues et donnent lieu à un examen de la construction,
du fonctionnement et du traitement du bilinguisme. L'approche est fondée
sur un vaste corpus d'interactions, recueillies dans des
classes d'accueil pour élèves migrants récemment
arrivés en Suisse Romande et dans d'autres
contextes de leur vie quotidienne, en famille ou entre amis. Leurs
transcriptions rendent observables des procédés situés
d'acquisition, en mesure de nourrir à la fois un modèle théorique
de l'acquisition dans l'interaction et une description détaillée
des processus acquisitionnels observables dans les contextes sociaux de
leur émergence. De ce deuxième point de vue, le livre fournit
ainsi de précieux outils d'analyse, dont l'efficacité est
mise
à l'épreuve d'un vrai terrain d'enquête.
Full datails and order form at: http://www.st-paul.ch/uni-press-FR/catalogue/interactions_acquisitons.htm
Programme National de Recherche ·33· Efficacité
de nos systèmes de formation
VIII-262 pages, broché, Fr. 39.- /FF 156.-
ISBN 2-8271-0860-7
What makes a 'getting acquainted' a recognizable conversational activity,
and how are interpersonal relationships established in a first conversation?
This book presents a theoretical framework for the study of relationship
management in conversation and an empirical study of a corpus of initial
interactions. It provides detailed descriptions of the sequential resources
unacquainted interlocutors use in order to:
- generate self-presentation
- introduce topics
- establish common contextual resources
It is argued that these sequential patterns embody conventionalized
procedures for establishing an interpersonal relationship involving some
degree of:
- solidarity (mutual rights and obligations)
- familiarity (mutual knowledge of personal background)
- mutual affect (emotional commitment)
The sequential analysis is based on a conversation analytic approach,
while the interpretive framework consists of pragmatic theories of politeness,
conversational style and common ground.
The book is available at this URL;
http://www.benjamins.nl/cgi-bin/toonboek.cgi?1250
John Benjamins (Amsterdam & Philadelphia) has published two books in which CA is applied to Japanese materials:
Order Without Rules establishes the basic terms for a critical discourse between the theory of comniunicative action and the tradition of practiec-based inquiries inspired by Wittgenstein and elaborated within the field of ethnomethodology. lt argues that such a discourse not only is possible, but that it is essential if critical theory is to move beyond the crisis caused by the decline of the great rationalist social projects of the past two centuries and the simultaneous rise of an array of post-enlightenment and anti-rationalist movements waiting to take their place.
Since Max Weber social theory has been faced with a paradox - the "problem of rationality" - that seems to challenge the very foundations of critical and humanist visions of modern society. According to Weber, as industrial societies develop they increasingly are dominated hy rational procedures for the production of goods, the organization of human resources, and the management of information. The paradox consists in the fact that while modern society is, in this instrumental sense, hecoming more rationalized, the prospects for developing political and cultural institutions which are linked to a progressive vision of rational discourse and democratic will formation are diminished.
Order Without Rules addresses the "problem of rationality" in its most contemporary incarnation: the critical theory of the German philosopher and social critic, Jürgen Habermas. Habermas attempts to resolve the Weberian paradox by identifying the rational "core" of communication with universal processes of interpretive understanding that are present in everyday conversation. Drawing upon the work within the Wittgensteinian and ethnomethodological traditions of linguistic and social analysis, this hook questions whether the logie of language underlying Habermas's theory of cornmunicative action is in fact the defining feature of conversational practice. lt is argued that Habermas's conception of finguistie rules and their connection to rational action is ill-founded, and that a fundamental rethinking of his concept of communicative action is therefore required. Throughout the book, a reflexive orientation is maintained toward questions of method and the internal relationship between disciplinary practices and empirical phenomena.
David Bogen is Assistant Professor of Sociology and Acting Director of Interdisciplinary Studies at Emerson College in Boston, Massachusetts. He is the author, with Michael Lynch, of The Spectacle of History: Speech, Text, and Memory at the Iran-Contra Hearings.
A volume in the SUNY series in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences Lenore Langsdorf, editor
ISBN 0-7914-4055-9 (hbk), ISBN 0-7914-4056-7 (pbk)
Giole Feele, Le piccole cerimonie dei media: I quiz telefonici della
neo-visione [Media micro events: the television quiz-show as a cermony].
Roma: RAI Radiotelevisone Italiana [RAI-ERI VQPT 158], 1998 ISBN 88-397-1023-X,
price L. 30.000, information: vqpt@rai.it
Dulong, R. (1998) Le témoin oculaire: les conditions de l'attestation personnelle. [The eye witness: social conditions of personal testimony] Paris: Editions de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales [Recherches d'histoire et de sciences sociales / Studies in History and the Social Sciences, 79] ISSN 0249-5619; 79, ISBN 2-7132-1246-4, Price 120 F. Distinution: CID, 131, bd Saint-Michel, 75005 Paris, France. fax: +33 01 43 54 80 73
Qu'est-ce qu'un témoin oculaire? Selon le sens commun, c'est quelqu'un qui a vu un événement important et l'a enregistre en sorte de pouvoir le décrire exactement. Mais la psychologie judiciaire démontre que la perception en la mémoire humaines ne sont pas à la mesure de cette prétention. Cette faillibilité contredit la définition du témoignage et pourrait rendre suspecte une modalité pourtant très courante de garantie d'un récit.Il importe d'élargir le cadre anthropologique de la description de témoignage oculaire. Le présent ouvrage propose de redéfinir celui-ci à partir de l'expérience de ses auditeurs. Sous cet angle un témoin est quelqu'un qui relate un événement en certifiant sa description sur la foi d'une expérience personnelle: c'est quelqu'un qui affirme avoir perçu un événement important. Cette rectification invite à inventorier le témoignage comme acte de parole, à considérer les conditions dans lesquelles est reçue une certification de cette sorte, et d'abord l'engagement de son auteur à raconter une histoire vraisemblable, à répondre de façon cohérente aux questions et à conserver une version stable des faits.
Surtout, le témoin est tenu de répondre moralement de sa réaction à l'événement, de ses sentiments et de son jugement. Cette exigence éthique, peu pertinente dans un contexte judiciaire, devient essentielle lorsqu'il s'agit de témoigner de ces catastrophes historique que furent le front de la Grande Guerre ou les camps nazis. Figures nouvelles du témoignage historique, l'ancien combattant ou le rescape des camps imposent, face aux tentatives négationnistes, la fonction «politique» du témoin comme dispositif de préservation de la vérité factuelle dans l'espace public.
from the introduction:
Our general purpose will be to unravel the interactional practices in AA meetings, which are the backbone of mutual aid in AA. However, we will not try to evaluate the efficacy of AA, but to increase our understanding of the fine-grained practices involved in the therapeutic interaction. This allows us to reflect on ingredients of which therapeutic modality is composed. Essentially these ingredients of therapy are commonplace methods, techniques, and procedures of talk-in-interaction, which have a special use in AA. The aim of this study is to single out, characterize, and explicate the patterns of talk, which AA members use for orchestrating their experience, in order to ensure that they are understood, and to "share their experience, strength and hope with each other that they may solve their common problem and help others to recover from alcoholism".Contents:
Introduction
Transcription Glossary
I. Principles
1 What Is Conversation Analysis?
2 Foundations of Conversation Analysis
II. Practices
3 Data and Transcription Techniques
4 Analysing Phenomena, I: Building A Collection
5 Analysing Phenomena, II: Extended Sequences and Single Cases
III. Applications
6 Talk In Institutional Settings
7 Conversation Analysis and Interview Data
8 The Analysis of Factual Accounts
9 The Practical Relevance of Conversation Analysis
References
Index
Wootton, A.J. (1997) Interaction and the development of mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press [Studies in Interactional Linguistics] ISBN 0 521 573416 hardnack
The study identifies key mechanisms through which a young child operates with external knowledge in her immediate social context. Central to this is the childs capacity to draw on discourse-based understandings which have become evident in prior interaction. These understandings are shown to inform and shape various aspects of the childs behaviour, notably request selection, the emergence of new request forms and various kinds of child distress, and they form the context to which the childs actions come to be increasingly sensitive. In contrast to studies which analyse development under different headings, such as langauge, emotions and cognition, Tony Wootton links these aspects in his examination of the state of understanding which exist at any given moment in interaction. The result is a distinctive social constructivist approach to childrens development.
Contents
Preface
1 Overview of arguments and procedures
2 Requesting at 12-24 months: an overview
3 Imperatives and sequential knowledge
4 Distressing incidents
5 The emergence of two request forms
6 General skills involved in early requesting
References
Subject index
Author index
"This book explores some implications of ethnomethodology for law and legal theory, through an examination of the day-to-day work of a firm of criminal lawyers. It is based on four months of ethnographic fieldwork, and uses the work of this firm as a vehicle to explore and contrast the different ways in which law can be addressed as a topic in the discipline of sociology. The central argument of the study is that, in contrast to other theoretical traditions, ethnomethodology allows a purchase upon the practical character of day-to-day legal decision-making, and the manner in which lawyers and clients understand their own activities."
Ludwien Meeuwesen & Hanneke Houtkoop have edited a collection of papers that were earler read at two one-day conferences at the University of Utrecht, which are specifically designed to offer graduate and PhD students an opportunity tp present their work in the field of 'interaction analysis', largely conceived. Some more experienced researchers are also invited to give plenary presentations. The book is in Dutch only!
L. Meeuwesen & H.Houtkoop-Steenstra (red.), Sociale Interactie in Nederland. Utrecht: ISOR, 1997
Price/prijs dfl. 30.-
Ordering information/Te bestellen bij: Leslie Dijkstra, UIL-OTS, Trans 10, 3512 JK Utrecht
Contents/Inhoud:
The field of CSCW continues to be one in which ethno/CA work is appreciated (and some interesting work continues to ve produced!). The overview mentioned below has papers by, amon others, W. Sharrock, G. Button, J. Blomberg, L. Suchman, R. Trigg, M. Berg.
Geoffrey C. Bowker, Susan Leigh Star, eds. (1997) Social Science, Technical Systems and Cooperative Work: Beyond the Great Divide. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum
A Volume in the Computers, Cognition and Work Series
This book is the first to directly address the question of how to bridge what has been termed the "great divide" between the approaches of systems developers and those of social scientists to computer supported cooperative work -- a question that has been vigorously debated in the systems development literature. Traditionally, developers have been trained in formal methods and oriented to engineering and formal theoretical problems; many social scientists in the CSCW field come from humanistic traditions in which results are reported in a narrative mode. In spite of their differences in style, the two groups have been cooperating more and more in the last decade, as the "people problems" associated with computing become increasingly evident to everyone.
The authors have been encouraged to examine, rigorously and in depth, the theoretical basis of CSCW. With contributions from field leaders in the United Kingdom, France, Scandinavia, and Mexico as well as the United States, this volume offers an exciting overview of the cutting edge of research and theory. It constitutes a solid foundation for the rapidly coalescing field of social informatics.
Divided into three parts, this volume covers social theory, design theory, and the sociotechnical system with respect to CSCW. The first set of chapters looks at ways of rethinking basic social categories with the development of distributed collaborative computing technology -- concepts of the group, technology, information, user, and text. The next section concentrates more on the lessons that can be learned at the design stage given that one wants to build a CSCW system incorporating these insights -- what kind of work does one need to do and how is understanding of design affected? The final part looks at the integration of social and technical in the operation of working sociotechnical systems. Collectively they make the argument that the social and technical are irremediably linked in practice and so the "great divide" not only should be a thing of the past, it should never have existed in the first place.
Contents: G.C. Bowker, S.L. Star, W. Turner, L. Gasser, General Introduction.
Part I: Social Theory and CSCW.
S.L. Star, Introduction: Social Theory and CSCW. M. Lea, R. Giordano, Representations of the Group and Group Processes in CSCW Research: A Case of Premature Closure? J.A. Goguen, Towards a Social, Ethical Theory of Information. Y. Rogers, Reconfiguring the Social Scientist: Shifting From Telling Designers What to do to Getting More Involved. W. Sharrock, G. Button, Engineering Investigations: Practical Sociological Reasoning in the Work of Engineers. J. Yoneyama, Computer Systems as Text and Space: Towards a Phenomenological Hermeneutics of Development and Use.
Part II: Design Theory and CSCW.
L. Gasser, Introduction: Design Theory and CSCW. P.E. Agre, Toward a Critical Technical Practice: Lessons Learned in Trying to Reform AI. Axel, Creating Meaningful Tools Within the Organization of Concrete Work Situations. J. Blomberg, L. Suchman, R. Trigg, Relating Work Practice and System Design: Two Cases From a Law Firm. S. Bodker, E. Christiansen, Scenarios as Springboards in CSCW Design. J-P. Poitou, Building a Collective Knowledge Management System: Knowledge Editing Versus Knowledge Eliciting Techniques. M. Robinson, "As Real as It Gets..." -- Taming Models and Reconstructing Procedures. C.A. Macias-Chapula, An Approach to Identifying the Role of "Information" In a Health Care System Implications for the Quality of Health.
Part III: The Sociotechnical System and CSCW.
W. Turner, Introduction: The Sociotechnical System and CSCW. M. Berg, Formal Tools and Medical Practices: Getting Computer-Based Decision Techniques to Work. I.A. Monarch, S.L. Konda, S.N. Levy, Y. Reich, E. Subrahmanian, C. Ulrich, Mapping Sociotechnical Networks in the Making. L. Bannon, Dwelling in the "Great Divide": The Case of HCI and CSCW. J. Taylor, G. Gurd, T. Bardini, The Worldviews of Cooperative Work. I. Wagner, On Multidisciplinary Grounds: Interpretation Versus Design Work. K. Keller, Understanding of Work and Explanation of Systems.
0-8058-2402-2[cloth]/1997/496pp/$99.95
0-8058-2403-0[paper]/1997/496pp/$49.95
Meier, Christoph (1997) Arbeitsbesprechungen: Interaktionstruktur, Interaktionadynamiek und Konsequenzen einer sozialen Form. [Workmeetings: Interactional structure, interaction dynamics, and consequences of a social form] Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag (ISBN 3-531-13039-0)
Gilda Nicolau, Le cabinet F1 117 20e Sud: Approche ethnométhodologique des pratiques d'un juge des enfants. série "ETHNOLOGIE(s) en herbe". Paris: Publications de l'université Paris 7 - Denis Diderot, 1997 (357 pages, ISBN 2-7442-0009-3; ISSN 1260-9323; [prix TTC 120 FRF)
Martin J. Malone, Worlds of Talk: The Presentation of Self in Everyday
Conversation. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press (distributed in the US by
Blackwell's), 1997.
isbn: hc 0-7456-1433-7 L39.50 $54.95; pb 0-7456-1897-9 L12.95 $21.9
Worlds of Talk is about how we present our selves in everyday talk and interaction. It treats selves and conversations as skilled accomplishments requiring trust, dependency, and co-ordination produced by multiple partners co-operating in the production of social events.
It relies on Goffman's concept of the interaction order as the sphere within which selves are created and transformed, while using conversation analysis to examine pieces of recorded conversation to show the role of self presentation in producing talk.
Chapters: 1. The Interaction Order and the Self; 2. Pragmatic and Phenomenological Foundations of Interactionism; 3. Pronouns, Interactional Roles, and the Construction of a Conversation; 4. Gender and Talk: Ideology and Interaction; 5. How to do Things with Friends: Altercasting and Recipient Design; 6. Small Disagreements: Character Contests and Working Consensus; 7. Conclusions; Appendix: Data and Methods.
It has papers by M. Lynch & D. Bogen (e), C. Baker & J. Keoch
(e), G. Fele (e), D. Maynard (e), F.E. Mller (e), H. Houtkoop (e), C.
Guala (i), C. Bazzanella (e), J. Cosnier & M.L. Brunel (f), A. Trognon
(f), B. Bonu (f), C. Galimberti (i), P. Ten Have (e), M. Relieu (f), I.
Paoletti (i), A. Marcarino (i), J. Bamford (e), L. Ruggerone (3), A. Sormano
(i).
Note: (e) = in English, (f) = in French, (i) = in Italian.
Marcarino, A., ed. (1997) Analisi della conversatione e prospettive di recera in etnometodologia. Urbino: Editioni QuattroVenti, ISBN 88-392-0424-5
This collection of new studies in ethnomethodology addresses sociology's classical questions by developing that strand of ethnomethodological inquiry dealing with membership categorization. Current theoretical concerns dealing with the relationship of sequential and categorical dimensions of interaction, of talk and social structure, of micro and macro levels of social organisation, of memory and identity, of text and interaction, of identity and institution, and of structure and agency are recast by viewing culture' as internal to, as incarnate in, action.
The problems posed in terms of sociology's traditional dichotomies - most notably, individual and society' - are dissolved by not separating the two elements in the first place. Rather all features of social order - of stable identities, concerted interaction and institutionalisation - are respecified as the locally accomplished product of societal members' sense-making practices.
In studies of referral meetings between teachers and psychologists (British data), and of readings of news headlines (Canadian data), Hester and Eglin show how members may establish deviant identitites, attribute and find motives, locate the news and provide moral accountings, all by selection of membership and other descriptors. Carolyn Baker examines teachers' ways of describing students when deciding a policy question in a school staff meeting (Australian data). Lynch and Bogen reveal witnesses' and attorneys' ways of treating memory as a category-tied predicate when arguing the credibility of recollections in the Iran-Contra Hearings and O.J. Simplson trial (American data). Francis and Hart show the amenability of a text, namely a TV commercial, to analysis of the re-tellability of a story as internally generated by the deployment of membership descriptors (British data). Watson discusses the relationship between membership categorization analysis and the conventionally regarded independent field of sequential conversation analysis. In an Introduction and Conclusion the editors (Hester and Eglin) frame these studies and reflections in the context of an argument, partly with Sacks himself (the founder of the field), about the radically occasional, contextual character of the collectability and predicability of membership categorisations themselves.
Many scholars of language have accepted a view of grammar as a clearly delineated and internally coherent structure which is best understood as a self-contained system. The contributors to this volume propose a very different way of approaching and understanding grammar, taking it as part of a broader range of systems that underlie the organization of social life and emphasizing its role in the use of language in everyday interaction and cognition. Taking as their starting-point the position that the very integrity of the organization of human conduct, particularly with social interaction, their essays explore a rich variety of linkages between interaction and grammar.
Contents:
Cusani's trial was broadcast by television in prime time, most of the main Italian politician at the time were called to testify, but they gradually became the defendants. In most cases their political identity was completely destroyed.
The book describe the trial as a ritual of degradation, in which the power of the ruling class was undermined. The communicative strategies that the participants used during the trial to defend their public image, their political and moral identities are analysed from different theoretical perspectives. In particular from a conversational analysis approach, Fele shows how degradation is produced through conversational moves, in relation to the specific institutional setting. The public prosecutor's rights to ask questions, determine lengths, consistency and exhaustiveness of turn at talk were the main instrument in producing discredit. The asymmetry of conversational rights, typical of courtroom interaction, though, was not sufficient to determine the actual outcome of the interaction. In fact, some of the politicians were more able than others to defend their public image. It is shown how degradation was produced step by step in the unfolding of the interaction, through different conversational and argumentative strategies.
